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Personal Altimeters | Info


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| CGI SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY GROUP | PROFESSIONAL OUTFITTING

 

Altimeters

By Gene Casanova | Equipment Technologist | Technology Insight | Update May 2009

 

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Air Pressure And The Altimeter

 
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How To Use A Altimeter

 
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How The Altimeter Works

 
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Importance Of The Altimeter To Life

 
 

 

 

Air Pressure And The Altimeter

"Air" exerts a pressure on the surface of the earth, created by gravity.  Air pressure at a specific location depends on the quantity of air above it.  Air-pressure reduces as altitude increases.  Air can be compressed; therefore, the change in pressure is not a linear to the increase in altitude.  When standing at a altitude of 3000 meters (9840 ft) above "sea level", there is approximately one third of the earth's atmosphere beneath.  At 5500 meters (18040 ft), the air pressure reduces by half; and at 11000 meters (36080 ft), the pressure is again reduced by half.

 

How The Altimeter Works

The weight of air can be measured using a barometer.  Torricelli (Italian physicist of the 17th century) is recognized as the first to demonstrate that air, under normal conditions, at sea level, has the same weight as a column of mercury with the same cross section and measuring 760 millimeters in length.  It was therefore considered, the length of a column of mercury, as a unit of measure for air pressure.

Using a unit-of-length to measure pressure, did not make sense.  Therefore, the millibar or hectopascal were introduced by the field of meteorology sometime later, as units for measuring the air pressure.  These newer units of measure have been slowly accepted and used.  These units are now gradually being used in modern made barometers and altimeters.

The length of a mercury column (abbreviated with mm Hg or Torr) is replaced by "millibars" (abbreviation 'mb' or 'mbar') or "hectopascal" (abbreviation hPa).  It is important to understand the relationship between these commonly used pressure units of measure.

760 mm Hg or Torr (mercury column) = 1013.25 mb (mbar) (millibars) = 1013.25 hPa (hectopascal)

 

Using The Altimeter

To use the altimeter properly, it is essential to strictly observe several rules. The altitude indicated on any instrument, could be just an approximate value (as is the case when low-grade consumer "gimmick" altimeters) and not good enough to provide accurate bearings under critical visibility conditions! If you have an altimeter, you must be able to rely on it. It is therefore advised for every user, to check their instrument for correct working order before using it! Check the altimeter at the beginning of the preplanning stages, then often thereafter. For this purpose it is necessary to measure the altitude of two points in the terrain, which are situated close to each other and which are specified exactly on a map. If the difference between the altitudes given on the map and the reading of the altimeter is more than ten meters, it is advisable to have the instrument tested by a professional service.

 

Importance Of The Altimeter To Life

The amount of oxygen in air also reduces parallel to the drop in air pressure.  Therefore, at an altitude of 5500 meters (18040 ft), a person can only intake half the amount of oxygen than they would at sea level.  In mountainous areas, it is necessary to compensate for this oxygen shortage by breathing more quickly.  The reduced amount of oxygen in the air at high altitudes leads to a definite reduction in a person's physical and mental performance; particularly if not well acclimatized.  The altitude this reduction occurs, varies from person to person.  Some mountaineers walk excellently in lower regions, suffer a severe setback at altitudes above 3000 meters (9840 ft) and completely give up at heights in excess of 4000 meters (13120 ft).  It Is Of Great Importance To Monitor And Know The Altitude, And To Utilize Some Sort Of Pre-warning System Before Reaching Critical Altitudes.

 

Accurate Altimeters

Today, Quality Accurate Handheld Altimeters Are Becoming Very Hard To Find Due To The New Digital Crazy And Low-Grade Consumer Gadgets With "Altimeters".  In The Late 2000s,  Maybe The World's Finest Accurate Handheld Altimeters For Climbers, Made In Switzerland, Have Stop Being Made.  We Did Find One Company Still Offering A Handheld Altimeter For Those Intelligent Enough To Recognize The Importance Between A Consumer Recreational Gadget, And A Technical Piece Of Equipment.

 

Implementation

Use The Technology Wisely.  The Altimeter Is A Tool With Related Skill Sets To Some People, And A Fun Gadget To Others.  For Those Users Looking For Benefits From Using An Altimeter, There Are Many.  One Common Use Is In Predicting Weather Conditions.  Another Is Warning And Monitoring When In Low Oxygen Altitudes.  Knowing Altitude Is Used When Navigating With A Topographical Map.  Other Applications Are Found In Fishing, Hunting, Backpacking, Mountaineering, Flying And More.  Remember, The Accuracy Of The Outcome Is Based On The Accuracy Of The Altimeter And It's Use.  Use The Technology Wisely And Enjoy The Heighten Awareness.

Seek And Collection Quality Information, Understand It, Then Enjoy The Endeavors

Gene Casanova

 

   

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