| Adrenal Glands
|
A pair of ductless glands
located above the kidneys.
Through hormonal secretions, the
adrenal glands regulate many
essential functions in the body,
including biochemical balances
that influence athletic training
and general stress response. |
|
Adrenalin |
Popular term
used to describe the various hormones secreted
by the adrenal glands in response to stress |
|
Aerobic |
literally "with
oxygen". Commonly used to describe an exercise
intensity where muscles can use oxygen to
convert glucose and fat into energy. Aerobic
training is carried out at a comfortable pace to
ensure that the muscles have sufficient oxygen
available |
|
Anabolic |
Pertaining to
the putting together of complex substances from
simples ones, especially to the building of
muscle protein from amino acids. |
|
Anaerobic |
literally
"without oxygen". A high-intensity energy system
where the muscles lack sufficient oxygen to
successfully burn fuel, resulting in the
production of lactic acid. Anaerobic exercise is
very intense and can only be sustained for short
periods of time |
|
Alpha-L-Polylactate |
CytoSport's
proprietary formula that provides a long-lasting
source of carbohydrate energy and buffers
lactic-acid production in the working muscles.
The principal ingredient in Cytomax |
|
ATP |
Adenosine
tri-phosphate. A high energy phosphate molecule
required to provide energy for cellular
function. The energy source your muscles use for
short bursts of power |
|
Amino Acids |
Nitrogen-containing compounds that are the
building blocks of proteins. There are 22
different amino acids from which every protein
in the body is made up of. There are nine
so-called essential amino acids that are not
manufactured by the body and must come from the
diet |
|
Bonk |
depletion of
glycogen and blood sugar while exercising.
Symptoms include a dramatic reduction in
performance and feeling disoriented and weak |
|
Carbohydrate |
Sugars and
starches that are the most efficient source of
food energy. Stored in the muscle and liver as
glycogen and in the blood as glucose |
|
Catabolic |
The aspect of
metabolism which converts nutrients or complex
substances in living cells into simpler
compounds with the release of energy, such as
cortisol catabolizing muscle protein into
glucose for quick energy |
|
Cell |
The smallest
structural unit of living material |
|
Creatine |
The fuel source
for ATP, an energy system used for short bursts
of power. Dehydration - The abnormal depletion
of body fluids. Results in a severe decline in
athletic performance and can lead to
life-threatening circumstances |
|
Electrolytes |
Minerals (e.g -
sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium) that
regulate bodily functions. Small amounts are
lost in sweat and need to be replaced through
the use of a quality produced, research
proven-effective, energy drinks like Cytomax. |
|
Enzymes |
Proteins
necessary to bring about bio-chemical reactions |
|
Fat |
A type of
caloric energy found in food, essential for a
variety of body functions including organ
protection, hormone balances, and as a
long-lasting fuel source for low-intensity
exercise. Dietary fats are classified as
saturated (animal flesh, butter, margarine,
processed and fried foods) and unsaturated
(vegetable oils). Unsaturated fats are the
preferred food for health reasons |
|
Gastric Emptying |
The action of
the stomach contents emptying into the small
intestine. Most energy drinks and supplements
are absorbed into the body via the intestine.
The carbohydrate content of energy drinks
affects their gastric emptying rate. Recommended
carbohydrate content is 7% (one scoop of Cytomax
in a 16-ounce bottle = 7%), which allows a
gastric emptying rate nearly equal to that of
waterıs |
|
Glucose |
The form in
which all carbohydrates are used by the body for
energy. Glucosamine - The basic molecule that
comprises your connective tissue. Glucosamine
helps you make new proteoglycans, enabling your
worn connective tissue to become smooth and
resilient. The principal ingredient in
CytoSport's Joint Matrix |
|
Glycogen |
The storage
form of glucose found in the liver and muscles |
|
Gram |
A measurement
of weight equal to about 1/28th of an ounce |
|
Hormone |
A chemical
substance that is secreted into body fluids and
transported to another organ, where it produces
a specific effect on metabolism |
|
Hypoglycemia |
A deficiency of
sugar in the blood caused by too much insulin or
too little glucose |
|
Insulin |
A hormone
secreted by the pancreas that helps regulate
carbohydrate metabolism |
|
Kilogram |
A measurement
of weight equal to about 2.2 pounds |
|
Lean Body Mass |
Body weight
minus body fat; primarily muscle, bone and other
non-fat tissue. |
|
Medium Chain Triglycerides |
known as the
"fatless fat", these fat molecules are easily
mobilized in the bloodstream to provide
long-lasting energy, rather than being stored as
fat. They also help limit the
conversion of excess carbohydrates into fat.
One of the "Lean Lipid" ingredients in Muscle
Milk. |
|
Metabolism |
The chemical
and physiological processes by which the body
builds and maintains itself and by which it
breaks down food and nutrients to produce energy |
|
Minerals |
Organic
substances needed in the diet in small amounts
to help regulate body function. |
|
Mitochondria |
Specialized
subcellular structures located within body cells
that contain oxidative enzymes needed by the
cell to metabolize foodstuffs into energy
sources. Organic - Being composed of, or
containing matter of plant or animal origin |
|
Phosphatidylserine |
a
custom-engineered phospholipid extract that
blunts the exercise-induced spike of the adrenal
hormone cortisol into the bloodstream, reducing
its catabolic effects. One of the active
ingredients in MusclEnergy. |
|
Phospholipid |
A fat in which
one fatty acid is replaced by phosphorus and a
nitrogenous compound |
|
Pituitary gland |
Small gland in
the brain which secretes substances necessary
for basic life processes, such as growth |
|
Protein |
The major
structural component of all body tissue;
necessary for muscular growth and cellular
repair. Proteins are also a functional component
of enzymes, hormones, etc. Used for energy only
when carbohydrates and fats are not available.
Stress - Any real or perceived adverse stimulus,
physical or psychological, that tends to disturb
an individualıs homeostasis |
|
Triglyceride |
The storage
form of fat consisting of three fatty acids and
glycerol |
|
Vitamins |
Organic
compounds that function as metabolic regulators
in the body. Classified as water soluble or fat
soluble. Vitamins cannot be manufactured by the
body and must be obtained through diet or
supplements |
|
VO2 Max (Maximal oxygen consumption) |
The highest
volume of oxygen a person can consume during
exercise. Often used as a predictor of potential
in endurance sports |
| |
ref. Cytosport |
