USGS quadrangles and 'All Topo Maps' typically use the NAD27 projection.  For highest accuracy configure your GPS Map Datum to match the projection of your map set.   NAD27CON is appropriate for use in the continental United States. Consult your GPS User Manual for information on selecting the Map Datum.

Datums 'NAD27-Alaska' and 'NAD27-Canada' Are Now Supported; Enabling More Accurate Transferred Waypoints.

Configure The Garmin-GPS Interface Setting To 'GARMIN' or 'GRMN/GRMN' & 'HOST'.   If The Garmin-Device Provides A Setting For The Interface-Mode, It Must Be Set To 'HOST'.

ALL TOPO MAPS: GPS COM Port Setting

Set 'All Topo Maps: GPS COM Port Settings' to:

Data Flowing From A Connected GPS-Device Can Be Viewed in Real Time; Using The 'ALL TOPO MAPS:GPS" Utility.

Set Correct Map Datum

USGS Quadrangles Typically Use The NAD27 Datum Projection.  For Highest Accuracy, Configure The GPS-Device's 'Map Datum' Setting To Match The Datum Projection Of The USGS Map Used In 'ALL TOPO MAPS:'; Or Any Other Map Being Used With The GPS-Device.   'NAD27CON' Is Appropriate For Use In The Continental United States.

Waypoint, Track, And Route Points

Waypoint, Track, And Route Points Are Transferred As An Entire Set From The Garmin GPS-Device.  Always Save, And Save An Additional Backup-Copy, Of The Transferred Files Before Working With The Data!

Track Files

All 'Track' Files Saved On A Garmin GPS-Device Will Be Transferred And Combined As One Large List Of Trackpoints.  First, Use MapSource To Transfer The Saved Track Files Stored In The Garmin GPS-Device Onto Some Type Of PC-Computer Storage Media.  Make A Backup Copy Of Each File.

Note ----- The MapSource Application Does Not Have The Ability To Delete Track Files Saved In A Garmin GPS-Device.  The Saved Track Files Must Be Deleted On The Garmin-GPS Manually; To Clear The Devices Available Memory For Future Tracking.

GARMIN USB

The 'Garmin USB' Interface Is Not A Computer Industry Standard; And Is Not A USB Standard!

The Garmin Company Has Made Their Own GPS-Data Format To Use Over A Standard USB Port Connection.  This Data-Interface Does Cannot Support The NMEA Data-Communication Standard.  Therefore, Does Not Support ALL TOPO MAPS: Real-Time Map Positioning And Tracking.  The USB Interface Can Be Used To Transfer GPS-Data ('Waypoints', 'Track Points' And 'Route').

Advanced Navigation Personal Lessons Available

Enjoy Custom Lessons, One-on-One In The Outdoors With Gene Casanova, Accomplished World navigator, Adventurer.

Recent Navigational Accomplishment Highlights Include:

> Solo Sea-Kayaking, Sea Cave Exploration, Around The Apostle Island National Lake Shore Park, Located On Lake Superior, Along The Shores Of Wisconsin In USA; September 2007.  Navigating The Stretches Between 'Little Sand Bay', To The Spectacular Sea Caves On Sand Island, 3.2 Miles of Small Craft Warning Sea Conditions.  Then Navigating Across Approximately 7.6 Miles Of Open Waters To Bear Island's Hostile Shoreline, Where He Found Himself Paddling Around The North Side Of The Island At Dusk In Search Of A Landing Area.  Next Moring Navigating 3.2 Miles To Devils Island's South Shore Landing Beach.  Then Paddling Entirely Around Devils Islands Taking In The Awesome Sea Caves.  The Final leg, Return Directly Back To Little Sand Bay Kayak Launching Beach; Approximately 12 Miles Of Rough Stormy Seas.

> Mountaineering Over Old Tracks At Cradle Mountain, Located In The Cradle Mountain National Park, World Heritage Area, Tasmania Australia; April 2008.  In Overcast Hostile Fall Conditions, Heavy Snow Clouds pass Through The mountain Range, Carrying Driving Sleet, Rain And Snow.  At Some Points, The Old Wooden Board Walks Over The Tundra Were Rotten Into The Dark Black Mud; Not To Be Seen!  Instant Whiteout Conditions Were Brief At The Base Of Northwest Ridge.  Working With The Official Australian Government Topographical Map, Which Included The Tracks, I Was Able To Track Our Course Over Mountains, Where The Track Became Obscured By The Hostile Dynamics Of Nature.

Running The Garmin USB Interface